连接中蒙俄三国多地 2024中蒙俄万里茶道联合申遗考察暨自驾游活动圆满成功

2024年，一场意义非凡的文化交流活动——“2024中蒙俄万里茶道联合申遗考察暨自驾游活动”在中国二连浩特盛大启程。这次活动历经多日，跨越中国、蒙古国、俄罗斯三国，途经二连浩特、扎门乌德、赛音山达、乔伊尔、乌兰巴托、苏赫巴特、恰克图、乌兰乌德和利斯特维扬卡等地，最终在俄罗斯伊尔库茨克圆满落下帷幕。

In 2024, a significant cultural exchange event-the "2024 Joint World Heritage Application Expedition and Self-Driving Tour to the Great Tea Route "-was grandly launched in Erenhot, China. This event spanned several days, crossing through China, Mongolia, and Russia, passing through cities and towns including Erenhot, Zamyn-Üüd, Sainshand, Choir, Ulaanbaatar, Sukhbaatar, Kyakhta, Ulan-Ude, and Listvyanka, and finally concluding successfully in Irkutsk, Russia.

此次活动不仅是一次深度的文化遗产考察和文化旅游体验，更是中蒙俄三国共同推进万里茶道联合申遗工作的重要里程碑。活动由中国驻乌兰巴托大使馆、湖北省文化和旅游厅、蒙古国文化遗产保护中心、中国驻伊尔库茨克总领事馆共同主办，乌兰巴托中国文化中心、湖北省文物事业发展中心、万里茶道联合申报世界文化遗产办公室、《中国国家旅游》杂志社共同承办。

This event was not only an in-depth cultural heritage exploration and cultural tourism experience but also a significant milestone in the joint efforts of China, Mongolia, and Russia to advance the Great Tea Route World Heritage Application. The event was co-organized by the Chinese Embassy in Ulaanbaatar, the Hubei Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism, the Mongolian Center for Cultural Heritage Protection, and the Chinese Consulate General in Irkutsk. It was jointly hosted by the Chinese Cultural Center in Ulaanbaatar, the Hubei Provincial Cultural Heritage Development Center, the Great Tea Route Joint World Heritage Application Office, and China National Tourism magazine.

2024年是中蒙、中俄建交 75 周年，为深入贯彻落实习近平总书记对申遗、旅游工作做出的重要指示批示和 2023 年 10 月在第三届 “一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛上关于“开展好‘万里茶道’跨境旅游合作，把中蒙俄经济走廊打造成一条高质量联通发展之路”的重要讲话精神，积极践行“一带一路”倡议，加强中蒙俄文化交流合作，进一步加快推动中蒙俄万里茶道联合申报世界文化遗产工作而举办此次活动。

The year 2024 marks the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Mongolia, as well as between China and Russia. To thoroughly implement the important directives and instructions given by General-Secretary Xi Jinping on the application for World Heritage status and tourism affairs , and to follow the spirit of his significant speech delivered at the Third Belt and Road Forum (BRF) for International Cooperation in October 2023, where he emphasized the importance of "promoting cross-border tourism cooperation along the Great Tea Route and developing the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor (CMREC) into a high-quality connectivity and development pathway", this event was organized, actively practicing the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI), strengthening cultural exchange and cooperation among China, Mongolia, and Russia, and further accelerating the joint efforts of the three nations to apply for World Heritage status of the route. 

文旅融合，展现独特魅力

Cultural and Tourism Integration: Showcasing Unique Charm

考察团沿着万里茶道这条古老的商贸通道缓缓前行，每一站的停靠都充满了期待和惊喜。本次活动紧紧围绕万里茶道文化遗产考察的主题，积极探索“万里茶道跨境旅游合作”的方式方法，沿着万里茶道的历史足迹，重拾悠悠茶路上的文化记忆，考察沿线留下的文物古迹，探索沿途的自然风光，还深入体验了每个地区的民风民俗。从二连浩特的边境风情开始，接着是扎门乌德的异域文化，再到赛音山达的广袤草原和乔伊尔的秀美风光，以及特日勒吉国家森林公园的壮丽景色，每一处都让人流连忘返。

The expedition team slowly progressed along the ancient trade route of the Great Tea Route, with each stop filled with anticipation and surprise. This event, centered around the theme of exploring the cultural heritage on the Great Tea Route, actively sought ways to promote cross-border tourism cooperation along the route. By following the historical footprints of the route, the team rediscovered the rich cultural memories, inspected the relics and monuments left along the way, and explored the natural scenery on the route. They also deeply experienced the local customs and traditions of each region. The journey began with the border customs of Erenhot, followed by the exotic culture of Zamyn-Üüd, the vast grasslands of Sainshand, the picturesque landscapes of Choir, and the magnificent scenery of Terelj National Park. Each location along the route left a lasting impression on all who participated.

在乌兰巴托、乌兰乌德、伊尔库茨克等重要城市，考察团成员们不仅深入考察了这些茶道重镇遗留下来的茶商住宅、茶叶交易市场、寺庙教堂等历史建筑，也考察了各具特色的茶叶博物馆，欣赏了城市景观，体验了当地的文化底蕴和历史传承，与地方政府官员及文化遗产、历史文化、博物馆、地方志等方面专家围绕万里茶道的历史、文化遗产保护及申遗工作进行了广泛而深入的交流。在乌兰巴托，他们感受到了蒙古国传统文化与现代文明的融合；在乌兰乌德，探索了布里亚特族的风情与习俗；在伊尔库茨克，则深入了解了这座城市作为万里茶道重要节点城市的历史价值。

In some key cities such as Ulaanbaatar, Ulan-Ude, and Irkutsk, the expedition team not only conducted in-depth inspections of historical buildings left behind by these tea route hubs, including tea merchant residences, tea trading markets, and temples and churches, but also explored various tea museums, each with its own unique characteristics. They appreciated the urban landscapes, experienced the local cultural heritage and historical traditions, and engaged in extensive and in-depth discussions on history, cultural heritage and World Heritage Status Application of the route with local government officials and experts in the field of cultural heritage, history, museums, and regional studies. In Ulaanbaatar, the team witnessed the integration of traditional Mongolian culture with modern civilization. In Ulan-Ude, they explored the customs and traditions of the Buryat people. In Irkutsk, they gained a deeper understanding of the city's historical significance as a key node on the Great Tea Route.

这些丰富的文化遗产考察和深入的文化交流及文旅体验不仅加深了考察团对万里茶道历史的认识，也为沿途城市的旅游推广和文化交流搭建了桥梁，促进了不同文化的相互沟通了解。

The rich cultural heritage inspections, along with in-depth cultural exchanges and cultural tourism experiences not only have deepened the expedition team's understanding of the history of the route, but also have built bridges for tourism promotion and cultural exchange in the cities along the way, contributing to mutual communication and understanding between different cultures.

国际交流，共谋申遗大计

International Collaboration: Joint Efforts for World Heritage Status Application

在遗产考察的过程中，中蒙俄三国的专家们充分利用这一活动，进行了多次深入的国际交流座谈。

During the heritage inspection, experts from China, Mongolia, and Russia fully utilized this opportunity to engage in multiple in-depth international exchange discussions.

8月26日，中蒙俄万里茶道联合申遗座谈会暨“茶和天下蒙古行”文旅推介会，在蒙古国乌兰巴托中国文化中心成功举办

On August 26, the Joint World Heritage Application Symposium of the Great Tea Route: China-Mongolia-Russia and the Cultural Tourism Promotion Conference titled "Tea and the World: Mongolia Tour" were successfully held at the Chinese Cultural Center in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. 

8月31日上午，中蒙俄万里茶道联合申遗座谈会暨“茶和天下俄罗斯行”文旅推介会成功在伊尔库茨克市举办

On the morning of August 31, the Joint World Heritage Application Symposium of the Great Tea Route: China-Mongolia-Russia and the Cultural Tourism Promotion Conference titled "Tea and the World: Russia Tour" were successfully held in Irkutsk. 

在乌兰乌德工作交流会及两次座谈会上，万里茶道（中国段）联合申报世界文化遗产办公室常务副主任王风竹研究员分别做了《加强交流合作，推进跨国联合申遗》《加强中蒙俄交流合作，推进万里茶道联合申报世界文化遗产》的主旨报告，全面介绍了万里茶道的历史概况、万里茶道（中国段）研究成果和遗产价值分析，系统回顾了万里茶道（中国段）申遗工作的历程、具体做法和显著成效，客观分析了万里茶道联合申遗工作的意义、技术保障和申遗策略，展望了通过三国合作早日实现万里茶道跨国联合申遗成功、让这条承载三国人民共同记忆的古老茶道焕发新活力绽放新光彩、为把中蒙俄经济走廊建设成高质量联通发展之路贡献文化力量的良好愿景。

During the work exchange meeting in Ulan-Ude and the two symposiums, Wang Fengzhu, the researcher and Executive Deputy Director of the Great Tea Route (China Section) Joint World Cultural Heritage Application Office, delivered keynote reports titled "Strengthening Exchange and Cooperation to Promote Transnational Joint World Heritage Application" and "Enhancing China-Mongolia-Russia Cooperation to Advance the Joint World Heritage Application of the Great Tea Route". In these reports, Wang provided a comprehensive overview of the history of the Great Tea Route, the research achievements of the China section, and an analysis of its heritage value. He systematically reviewed the progress, specific approaches, and significant results of the World Heritage application efforts for the China section of the route. Wang also objectively analyzed the significance, technical support, and strategies for the joint World Heritage application and came up with a sound vision where through the cooperation of the three nations, the successful transnational World Heritage application for the Great Tea Route is realized as soon as possible so as to help the ancient route that carries the shared memories of the peoples of three nations breathe new life, and thus contribute cultural strength to the construction of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor into a high-quality connectivity and development pathway.

中国驻蒙古国大使馆、乌兰巴托中国文化中心，蒙古文化和旅游部、国家文化遗产保护中心、国际古迹遗址保护协会蒙古国家委员会、蒙古国家博物馆、蒙古国立大学，中国驻伊尔库茨克总领馆，俄罗斯外交部驻伊尔库茨克代表处、俄罗斯伊尔库茨克州文化部、伊尔库茨克市政府、伊尔库茨克市城市历史博物馆等部门负责人和相关专家分别参加了两次座谈会。在俄罗斯布里亚特共和国首府乌兰乌德市考察期间与俄罗斯布里亚特共和国旅游部、文化遗产保护委员会、文化部档案事务和组织保障委员会、布里亚特国家博物馆及乌兰乌德市V.A.奥布卢切夫院士喀尔喀地方史博物馆分馆等部门的负责人及专家进行了工作交流。

Representatives and experts from various departments, including the Chinese Embassy in Mongolia, the Chinese Cultural Center in Ulaanbaatar, the Mongolian Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the National Center for Cultural Heritage Preservation, the International Council on Monuments and Sites Mongolian National Committee, the National Museum of Mongolia, and the National University of Mongolia, as well as the Chinese Consulate General in Irkutsk, the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs' representative office in Irkutsk, the Irkutsk Regional Ministry of Culture, the Irkutsk City Government, and the Irkutsk City Museum of Urban History, participated in the two symposiums. During the visit to Ulan-Ude, the capital of the Republic of Buryatia in Russia, exchanges were conducted with representatives and experts from the Ministry of Tourism of the Republic of Buryatia, Russia, the Cultural Heritage Preservation Committee, the Committee for Archival Affairs and Organizational Support under the Ministry of Culture , the Buryat National Museum, and the Ulan-Ude V.A. Obruchev Academy Museum of Local History, Khalkha Branch.

蒙古文化和旅游部文化遗产局局长达瓦策仁在座谈会上表示，蒙方十分重视万里茶道联合申遗及沿线遗产点的研究保护与开发利用工作，已经成立了两个工作组做了相应工作安排，相信通过中蒙俄三方的共同努力，我们能很快达到万里茶道申遗成功的目标。

At the symposium, Davaatsereg, Director of the Cultural Heritage Bureau of the Mongolian Ministryof Culture and Tourism, expressed that Mongolia attaches great importance to the joint WorldHeritage application of the Great Tea Route and the research, protection, and development ofheritage sites along the route. He noted that two working groups have been established to make thenecessary arrangements and he was confident that through the joint efforts of China, Mongolia. andRussia, the goal of successfully inscribing the Great Tea Route as a World Heritage site will soon beachieved.

布里亚特共和国文化和旅游部门领导表示，非常欢迎这次万里茶道的申遗考察活动，这一活动已得到联邦政府文化部的重视，布里亚特共和国已经接到相关通知，乌兰乌德是万里茶道上的重要节点城市，恰克图是重要的贸易集散地，保留的万里茶道遗产点价值重要。联合申遗是个非常好的计划，下一步将在联邦政府的统一指导下积极开展工作。

The leaders from the Culture and Tourism Department of the Republic of Buryatia expressed their warm welcome for the Great Tea Route World Heritage application expedition, and emphasized that this initiative has already gained attention from the Federal Ministry of Culture, and the Republic of Buryatia has received related notifications that Ulan-Ude is a key node city on the route, Kyakhta serves as an important trade hub and the heritage sites preservation along the route hold significant value. They also noted that the joint World Heritage application is an excellent plan, and the next step will involve actively advancing this work under the unified guidance of the federal government.

伊尔库茨克州文化部下属国家文化政策局局长阿列克谢耶夫表示，万里茶道曾经对伊尔库茨克整个地区的发展产生了巨大而深远的影响。将万里茶道纳入世界文化遗产名录的举措，将有助于促进中蒙俄三国在文化领域的交流与合作。

Alekseyev, Director of the State Cultural Policy Bureau under the Ministry of Culture of the Irkutsk Region, stated that the Great Tea Route used to have a significant and profound impact on the development of the entire Irkutsk region and the move of including the Great Tea Route in the World Cultural Heritage list would help promote cultural exchange and cooperation among China, Mongolia, and Russia.

湖北省文物事业发展中心二级巡视员晏妮表示，万里茶道因茶而生、因茶而兴、因茶而融，希望中蒙俄三国在加强万里茶道文化遗产保护与联合申遗道路上深化交流合作，以万里茶道为纽带，以茶为媒，增进民心相通、文化交融，促进沿线城市经济发展，进一步传承发扬中蒙俄传统友谊。

Yan Ni, a second-level inspector at the Hubei Provincial Cultural Heritage Development Center, stated that the Great Tea Route was rooted in tea, flourished because of tea, and integrated through tea. She expressed her hope that China, Mongolia, and Russia will deepen their exchange and cooperation in the preservation of the cultural heritage on the Great Tea Route and the joint World Heritage application process. Utilizing the Great Tea Route as a link and tea as a medium, the ultimate aim is to enhance connectivity among the peoples, promote cultural integration, and stimulate economic development in the cities along the route, while further carrying forward the traditional friendship among three countries.

中蒙俄三国专家围绕万里茶道的历史价值、申遗策略、文化遗产保护等方面进行了广泛而深入的探讨，并就未来在文化遗产保护、文化交流、旅游合作等领域的进行了广泛交流，共同希望能在此基础上早日实现实质性的合作。

Experts from China, Mongolia, and Russia conducted extensive and in-depth discussions on the historical value of the Great Tea Route, World Heritage application strategies, and cultural heritage preservation. They also engaged in broad exchanges on future collaboration in cultural heritage preservation, cultural exchange, and tourism cooperation. There is a shared hope among all parties to achieve substantive cooperation based on these discussions as soon as possible.

遗产勘路，记录文化瑰宝

Heritage Exploration: Documenting Cultural Treasures

作为此次活动的核心任务之一，考察团深入调研了万里茶道沿线的众多遗产点。从二连浩特到伊尔库茨克，考察团成员们用镜头记录下了一个个珍贵的文物遗迹和文化瑰宝，探访了古老的万里茶道驿站、见证了茶叶贸易的繁荣与变迁、体验了不同民族的文化交融。

As one of the core tasks of this event, the expedition team conducted in-depth research on numerous heritage sites along the Great Tea Route. From Erenhot to Irkutsk, team members captured precious relics and cultural treasures with their cameras, visited ancient Tea Route stations, witnessed the prosperity and transformation of the tea trade, and experienced the cultural integration of different ethnic groups.

8月23日至27日，在蒙方专家陪同下，考察团对蒙古东戈壁省、戈壁松贝尔省、色楞格省等地的万里茶道蒙古段遗产点开展了实地考察和信息记录，了解了各遗产点的历史沿革、保护状况、管理机制等关键信息。

From August 23 to 27, accompanied by Mongolian experts, the expedition team conducted on-site investigations and information recording at the heritage sites along the Mongolian section of the Great Tea Route in Dornogovi Province, Govisümber Province, and Selenge Province. They gathered key information about the historical development, preservation status, and management mechanisms of these sites.

8月28日至31日，考察团详细记录了列宁大街茶商老宅、原乌兰乌德茶叶市场步行街等遗产点。这些建筑遗存不仅是茶叶贸易的历史见证，也是城市传承发展的重要组成部分。

From August 28 to 31, the team documented heritage sites in details, such as the old tea merchant residences on Lenin Street and the former Ulan-Ude Tea Market pedestrian street. These architectural remains are not only historical witnesses to the tea trade but also vital components of the city's heritage and development.

考察团通过实地访问，收集了宝贵的资料信息，这些成果将成为万里茶道申遗工作的重要支撑，为保护和传承这条历史悠久的商贸通道贡献力量。

Through these on-site visits, the expedition team collected valuable information and data, whose findings will be crucial support for the World Heritage application process of the Great Tea Route, contributing to the preservation and inheritance of the ancient trade route.

万人申遗，共筑文化梦想

The Public Unite for World Heritage Status Application: Building a Shared Cultural Dream

为了更广泛地动员社会各界参与万里茶道申遗工作，考察团还在沿途城市开展了助力申遗签名活动。近万名来自俄罗斯、蒙古国的不同民族和不同年龄段的游客被活动所吸引，纷纷在签名条幅上留下自己的名字和祝福，表达了对万里茶道联合申遗工作的支持和期待。

To more broadly mobilize society's involvement in the Great Tea Route World Heritage application, the expedition team organized signature campaigns in the cities along the route. Nearly ten thousand visitors from different ethnic groups and age ranges in Russia and Mongolia were attracted to the event. They eagerly signed their names and wrote blessings on the banners, expressing their support and anticipation for the joint World Heritage application efforts for the Great Tea Route.

这些签名不仅是对申遗工作的有力支持，更是对中蒙俄优秀传统文化的传承与弘扬。同时，考察团成员们还通过社交媒体等渠道分享了自己的所见所闻和感受，进一步扩大了万里茶道申遗工作的社会影响力和公众参与度。

These signatures not only provide strong support for the World Heritage application but also contribute to the inheritance and promotion of the outstanding traditional cultures of China, Mongolia, and Russia. Additionally, the members of the expedition shared their experiences and impressions through social media and other channels, further enhancing the social impact and public engagement in the Great Tea Route World Heritage application efforts.

此外，沿途还进行了丰富的文旅推介活动，国内万里茶道沿线的江西九江、浮梁、婺源，湖北武汉、五峰，山西陵川、忻州等地，通过生动丰富的宣传片系统讲解与展示，向蒙古国、俄罗斯民众及政商界代表展现了万里茶道沿线遗产点及丰富的旅游资源与文化魅力，激发了他们对万里茶道文化遗产的浓厚兴趣与探索欲望。万里茶道上的老字号，世界人类非遗项目湖北“长盛川“也全程参与，进行了茶艺展演和产品展示，得到广泛赞誉。

In addition, a variety of cultural and tourism promotional activities were conducted along the route. Key locations along the domestic Great Tea Route, such as Jiujiang, Fuliang, and Wuyuan in Jiangxi Province, Wuhan and Wufeng in Hubei Province, and Lingchuan and Xinzhou in Shanxi Province, were showcased to the people of Mongolia and Russia, as well as representatives from their political and business communities. Through vivid and informative promotional videos, the heritage sites and rich tourism resources along the Great Tea Route were systematically introduced, highlighting the cultural charm of the region, which sparked a strong interest and desire among the audience to explore the cultural heritage of the route. The event also featured the participation of Changshengchuan, a time-honored brand and UNESCO World Intangible Cultural Heritage project from Hubei Province, which presented a tea ceremony performance and product exhibition, thus earning widespread acclaim.

万里茶道联合申遗办常务副主任、研究员王风竹表示，“2024中蒙俄万里茶道联合申遗考察暨自驾游活动”是一次成功而富有意义的申遗之旅、文化之旅和友谊之旅。它不仅增进了中蒙俄三国之间的文化交流与合作，更为万里茶道的申遗工作注入了新的活力和动力。未来，三国将继续携手努力，共同推动文化交流、文明互鉴，搭建中、蒙、俄政府间万里茶道联合申遗的工作机制和文化遗产保护沟通交流平台，共同推进万里茶道遗产的价值认知和可持续保护管理工作，按照中蒙俄形成的共识，早日实现申遗成功的目标，让这条古老的商贸通道在新时代焕发出更加璀璨的光芒。

Wang Fengzhu, the researcher and Executive Deputy Director of the Great Tea Route Joint World Heritage Application Office, stated that the 2024 Joint World Heritage Application Expedition and Self-Driving Tour to the Great Tea Route: China-Mongolia-Russia was a successful and meaningful journey for World Heritage application, cultural exchange, and friendship. It not only enhanced cultural exchange and cooperation among three countries but also injected new vitality and momentum into the heritage application work for the Great Tea Route. In the future, the three countries will continue to work together to promote cultural exchange, mutual learning with other civilizations, establish a working mechanism and communication platform for cultural heritage preservation through intergovernmental cooperation on the route, and on basis of the consensus formed within three countries jointly advance the recognition of the heritage value and sustainable preservation and management of the route, aiming to achieve the goal of successful World Heritage inscription as soon as possible, ensuring that the ancient trade route shines even more brightly in the new era.

文章来源：万里茶道联合申报世界文化遗产办公室

翻译：王红丽（武昌理工学院）