万里茶道湖北段文物主题游径——宜昌文化深度游

如果你想沉浸式体验一次

有深度的文化之旅，

一定不要错过宜昌

If you tend to experience in-depth cultural immersion, be sure not to miss Yichang City.

图源：三峡日报 付蓓蓓 摄

宜昌、宜都均是万里茶道湖北段文物主题游径中的主要途径点。在这里，你可以欣赏那曾为过往船只提供航运方向的天然塔，感受着猇亭老街在遗产保护与活态利用结合中焕发出的蓬勃生机；去长盛川非遗传承基地回望茶叶贸易的历史与成就，品尝青砖茶的独特醇香；游览那气势磅礴、彰显民族底气的三峡大坝……

Both Yichang City and Yidu City are the main stops for Cultural Heritage Theme Tour of Great Tea Route: China-Mongolia-Russia Tea Route of Hubei Section. Along the route, you’ll appreciate Yichang Natural Tower, which was used to guide the directions of the passing vessels, and feel the vitality of the combination of heritage protection and living utilization on Xiaoting Old Street. Additionally, you’ll look back at the history and achievements of tea trade on Changshengchuan Intangible Cultural Heritage Inheritance Base, taste the unique and mellow aroma of green brick tea, and visit the Three Gorges Dam with a tremendous momentum, a symbol of strong national pride and confidence.

天然塔夜景 图源：魅力伍家岗

宜昌市的文化地标——天然塔，位于伍家岗区沿江大道与横跨长江的宜万铁路大桥交会处，始建于晋代，为著名文学家郭璞侨居夷陵时所建，明朝时期因年久失修而拆除，后于乾隆时期重建。2019年天然塔被国务院列为第八批全国重点文物保护单位。

As a cultural landmark in Yichang City, Yichang Natural Tower is located in the intersection between Yanjiang Avenue in Wujiagang District and Yichang-Wanzhou Railway Bridge crossing the Yangtze River. The tower, initially built in the Jin Dynasty when renowned litterateur GuoPu resided in Yiling City, was removed in the Ming Dynasty because of disrepair and was rebuilt during the Qianlong period in Qing Dynasty. In 2019, Yichang Natural Tower was listed as the eighth batch of National Key Cultural Relics Protection units by the State Council.

天然塔 图源：万里茶道申遗

天然塔坐东北朝西南，塔高43米，塔内有石梯，可沿石梯盘旋而上。塔底刻有八个栩栩如生的金刚力士，形象生动、气势非凡。底层的塔门面朝长江，并刻“天然塔”三个字。

The Natural Tower sits northeast and faces southwest, with a height of 43 meters. There are stone stairs inside, along which tourists can spiral up. At the bottom of the tower are engraved eight lifelike Vajras, with vivid images and extraordinary temperament. The  door of the bottom floor  faces the Yangtze River, engraved with three Chinese characters  "Tian Ran Ta“.

天然塔作为万里茶道宜昌茶港的重要遗址，它的存在也曾为往宜昌航行的货船指明方向，具有重要的历史价值。

As an important site of Yichang Tea Port of Great Tea Route: China-Mongolia-Russia Tea Route, the Natural Tower functioned as pointing out the direction for cargo ships sailing towards Yichang City, and is of important historical value.

图源：宜昌住房公积金中心

到了山水之城的宜昌，怎能不看水，沿江散步，还能见到颇具年月的码头遗址。

Upon stepping into Yichang City, the city of mountains and rivers, what you can’t miss is the crystal water. Wandering along the river, you can witness wharf sites of many years’ history.

新正街码头遗址地处湖北省宜昌市猇亭区古老背街办古老背居委会，位于长江东岸。该码头前身为战国时期秦国军港，现存码头为明末清初建筑。该遗址由柳树河码头、新正街码头、庙河码头、彭家码头、汪家码头、黄家湾码头等6座码头和若干码头设施共同构成。

Xinzheng Street Wharf Site, located on the east bank of the Yangtze River,sits Gulaobei  Residential Community, Gulaobei Neighborhood Office, Xiaoting District, Yichang, Hubei Province. The wharf was formerly a military port of the Qin state during the Warring States period, and the existing wharf is a building from the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. The wharf site consists of several facilities and six wharves, namely Liushuhe Wharf, Xinzheng Street Wharf, Miaohe Wharf, Pengjia Wharf, Wangjia Wharf and Huangjiawan Wharf.

新正街码头遗址是目前宜昌市城区唯一一处整体保存完整的明清时期商业码头遗址，是长江码头文明的重要代表之一，是研究内陆水运历史进程和码头建筑发展史的重要实物资料。

Xinzheng Street Wharf Site, the only fully -preserved commercial wharf site from the Ming and Qing dynasties in the urban area of Yichang City, is one of the important representatives of the Yangtze River wharf civilization and also provides important physical material for studying the historical process of inland water transportation and the development history of wharf architecture.

新正街码头遗址亦是万里茶道历史渊源中古代茶叶运输代表性的资源要素和对外交流融合历史的重要实物佐证，具有实证万里茶道贸易推动沿线运输产业升级的历史贡献，填补了万里茶道西线长江上游码头群遗存历史研究空白。

Xinzheng Street Wharf Site, a representative resource element of ancient tea transportation in the history of Great Tea Route and a significant historical physical evidence of the exchange and cultural integration, boasts demonstration of the historical contribution of Great Tea Route：China-Mongolia-Russia Tea Route in promoting the upgrading of the transportation industry along the route and additionally, it fills the historical research gap of the remains of the Yangtze River upstream wharf complex on the western route of Great Tea Route：China-Mongolia-Russia Tea Route .

2011年7月，码头遗址被列为宜昌市第四批文物保护单位，命名为新正街码头遗址。

In July 2011,  the wharf site was listed as the fourth batch of cultural relics protection units in Yichang City and was formally named as Xinzheng Street Wharf Site.

新正街码头遗址坐东北朝西南，面临长江，总平面布局呈长方形，空间布局呈东高西低，码头由北向南沿驳岸线依次排列，与柳树河巷、新正街、织布街纵横贯通连成一线，形成满堂顺岸式码头群格局。

Xinzheng Street Wharf Site, siting northeast and facing southwest, orientates the Yangtze River with an overall layout of a rectangular in shape, high in the east and low in the west. The wharf is arranged in sequence from north to south along the revetment line, connecting vertically and horizontally with Liushuhe Lane, Xinzheng Street, and Zhibu Street, and finally forms a wharf complex of full hall waterfront style.

码头断面结构为多级式，置若干青石石阶伸入江中，石阶两翼依江滩台地地势构筑二或三级水工护坎石墙将各码头贯通连接，护坎石墙之上为青条石砌筑的驳岸护墙，墙壁上安置有拴船桩。

The sectional structure of the wharf is multi-level with several limestones stepping into the river. The level II or III hydraulic retaining tone wall built on the terrain of the river beach plateau respectively connects each individual wharf. Above the hydraulic retaining tone wall is revetment wall built with rectangular stone slabs, and bitts are placed in the wall.

新正街码头遗址地面现存驳岸护墙长519.7米，水工护坎石墙三级、总长1006.8米，石阶374踩，排水孔3个,起坡斜道2条，拴船桩104个。另有3处早期石阶被叠压。遗址东岸尚存清代塘汛、驿站遗址和河街（今称织布街）街肆集镇。

On Xinzheng Street Wharf Site, the existing revetment wall is 519.7 meters long, and the hydraulic retaining tone wall is of level III with a total length of 1,006.8 meters. The number of stone steps is 374, and there are 3 drainage holes, 2 sloping ramps, and 104 bitts. Besides, another three stone steps of earlier age were stacked. On the east bank of the site, there are still checkpoints of Qing Dynasty, post station sites, and shops and trading market on Hejie Street, currently known as Zhibu Street.

新正街码头是长江上游重要贸易散集地和运输节点，航线上达重庆，下至江浙，鄂西山区的茶叶、棉布、川盐、山货等在此转运至汉口和江浙一带。

Xinzheng Street Wharf Site was an important trade hub and transportation node in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, stretching Chongqing City upstream and Jiangsu-Zhejiang Province downstream. The site was where tea, cotton cloth, Sichuan salt and products from the western regions of Hubei were transferred to be shipped to Hankou and the Jiangsu-Zhejiang region.

图源：猇文在线 杨青摄

图源：猇文在线

织布街由原河街、下正街和织布街共同构成，呈南北向布局，街心铺有青石板路面,街道两侧保存有若干较为完整的明-近现代时期的店铺、作坊、驿站、茶馆和民居，真实保留了明清时期临江街肆建筑格局，是万里茶道中具有水路交通要冲地位的商业重镇，见证了茶叶商贸体系、运行模式和商人群体的生活方式。

Zhibu Street is composed by Yuanhe Street, Xiazheng Street and Zhibu Street with a layout in a north-south direction. There is a bluestone pavement in the center of the street, and several relatively intact shops, workshop, post stations, tea houses, and residential buildings of the Ming modern period are preserved on both sides of the street, all of which truly preserve the architectural layout of riverside ancient street during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The street is a commercial hub with a key position in waterway transportation of the Great Tea Route, witnessing tea trade system, operation mode, and lifestyle of merchant groups.

织布街古民居群始建于明末清初，距今已有350多年历史，今仅存段家老屋等8栋古民居。古民居平面布局均为长方形或前窄后宽的梯形，面阔三间、进深三间或五间，中置天井，具有典型“前铺后宅式”功能特征。建筑形制主要为峡江风格，砖木构造，墙体四周围合或共墙搭檩、硬山前出墀头，穿斗梁架或抬梁与穿斗混合梁架，人字坡屋面，履小青瓦，屋面中部在天井交汇，形成四水归堂格局。

Zhibu Street Ancient Residential Complex, firstly built in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, has a history of 350 years and there are only 8 ancient residential buildings like Duanjia Old house left today. The layout of the ancient residential buildings is rectangular or trapezoidal with narrow in the front and wide in the back. Horizontally there are three compartments widthwise divided by four columns in the frontage，and vertically four or six rows of supporting columns in the hall with a central courtyard，which is characterized of shops in the front and residence in the back. The architecture is mainly of Gorge-River style, namely, wall enclosure shared with one wall purlin, Chinese gabled roofs supported by gabble wall head at each flying rafter, beams of column-and-tie style or ones mixed with column-and-tie style and post- and -lintel, a gable roof with two slopes on each side, Chinese-style grey-green roof tiles covered by constructed by brick and wood with the middle of the roof intersected with the courtyard, forming a pattern of water in all directions flowing into the courtyard in the middle.

该民居群是长江中、上游节点上具有峡江风格的一处古建筑群，承载了峡江地区传统民居典型特征。明清时码头集市相拥为街，商贾云集于此，鄂西山区和峡江地区的茶叶、棉布、川盐等货物经此远销沙市、汉口、江浙等地，见证了因长江航运繁荣而成为商业集镇的发展进程。

The Residential Complex is an ancient architectural complex of typical Gorge-River style in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, docks and markets helped to grow into commercial streets, and merchants gathered the residential complex where some products, like tea, cotton cloth, Sichuan salt from the western regions of Hubei and Xiajiang region were remotely transferred to Shashi city, Hankou and the Jiangsu-Zhejiang region. It’s the residential complex that witnessed the development process of its becoming a commercial town due to the prosperity of Yangtze River shipping.

图源：长盛川青砖茶非遗传承基地

长盛川青砖茶非遗传承基地，是一个以非遗传承为主线，以工业研学为亮点的旅行基地。

Changshengchuan Intangible Cultural Heritage Inheritance Base for Green Brick Tea is a travel one with intangible cultural heritage inheritance as the main theme and industrial research as the highlight.

在园区，有“茶道驼铃”“万里茶道”等多处茶文化主题景点，配备非遗制茶传习课堂、茶文化传承体验中心、万里茶道历史展厅、民族茶世界茶体验馆等。

In the base, there are tea theme attractions, like Tea Route with Camel Bells , Great Tea Route：China-Mongolia-Russia Tea Route etc, equipped with Lecturing Classes for  Tea Processing Techniques , Tea Culture Inheritance Experience Center, History Exhibition Hall of Great Tea Route, along with Experience Museum for Ethnic Tea and World Tea.

图源：长盛川青砖茶非遗传承基地

目前基地已被认定为宜昌市十佳非遗旅行基地、湖北省文化产业示范基地、国家级非遗生产性保护传承示范基地。

Currently, the base is well recognized as one of the top ten Intangible Cultural Heritage Travel Bases in Yichang City, Cultural Industry Demonstration Base in Hubei Province, and National Demonstration Base for Productive Protection and Inheritance of Intangible Cultural Heritage. 

长盛川五峰茶园基地 图源：湖北长盛川茶业有限公司

樽前如得风雅意，茗里尽知长盛川。长盛川青砖茶色泽青褐，砖面平整，棱角分明，汤呈琥珀色，香气氤氲，口感陈香醇厚，是黑茶中最具代表性的茶叶之一。

In front of wine bottles, one can appreciate the elegant ease, and in front of tea fragrance, the Changshengchuan Green Brick Tea. Changshengchuan Green Brick Tea, blueish auburn for dried tea leaves in color, flat and smooth in the brick surface with clean marks, brownish yellow or orange yellow for tea soup in color, dense and lasting in flavor and rich and mellow in taste, which is a typical representative of dark tea.  

作为湖北老字号“长盛川”产品曾为明清两朝皇室贡品，也是万里茶道主要贸易商品，被称为——“万里茶道上的瑰宝”。

The products of Changshengchuan, as an old traditional brand created by Hubei province, were once royal contributions during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and are also the main trading commodity of Great Tea Route：China-Mongolia-Russia Tea Route, thus are awarded as “Treasures on Great Tea Route：China-Mongolia-Russia Tea Route”.

与此同时，其制作技艺也被列为人类非物质文化遗产代表性项目。

Meanwhile, the production techniques have also been listed as representative projects of human intangible cultural heritage.

图源：万里茶道申遗

来宜昌旅行，游人行程里绝对不会错过的，一定有国之重器——三峡大坝。1993年，三峡水利枢纽工程开始兴建，1995年，三峡大坝旅游区开始接待中外游客。三峡大坝旅游区位于湖北省宜昌市夷陵区三斗坪镇，现拥有坛子岭园区、185园区、截流纪念园等园区。

One of the must-see attractions in Yichang City is Three Gorges Dam, one of National Treasures. In 1993, the construction project of the Three Gorges Dam was initially launched, and in 1995, the Tourist Area began to embrace tourists at home and abroad. The Three Gorges Dam Tourist Area, located in Sandouping Town,  Yiling District, Yichang City, Hubei Province, possesses many a park，such as Tanziling Scenic Area, 185 Platform，and Water Division Memorial park etc.

登临坛子岭，可俯瞰三峡大坝和五级船闸全貌，亲身感受三峡工程建设的宏伟与浩大。185平台位于三峡大坝左岸（长江北岸），因海拔185米而得名，与坝顶齐高。站在平台上向下俯看，近距离领略一坝卧江的气势，体会“截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的豪迈情怀。

Ascending Tanziling Scenic Area, one can overlook the full view of the Three Gorges Dam and 5-level ship lock and experience in person the magnificence and grandeur of the Three Gorges Project construction. The 185 Platform, located on the left bank of the Three Gorges Dam, also on the north bank of the Yangtze River, is named after an altitude of 185 meters, the same height as the dam crest. Standing on the platform and looking down, one experiences the grandeur of the dam lying on the river up at close quarters, and feels Chairman Mao’s pride and confidence of “to hold back Wushan’s clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”

三峡大坝旅游区依托于丰富的西陵峡谷自然景观与现代工程人文景观优势，向广大旅游者全方位展示水利工程文化。2007年6月，三峡大坝旅游区被国家旅游局评为国家首批5A级景区；后被陆续授予全国红色旅游景区、国家水情教育基地等称号。

Three Gorges Tourism Area, based on abundant natural wonders in Xiling Gorges and modern engineering humanistic landscape, displays water conservancy engineering culture from all angles. In June 2007, the Three Gorges Dam Tourism Area was rated as the first batch of national 5A-level tourist attractions by the National Tourism Administration,and later was successively awarded as a national red tourism scenic spot and national hydrologic education .  

地址：宜昌市夷陵区江峡大道三峡大坝游客换乘中心

在这个城市里，

江清云阔，古韵悠悠，

文物寻迹，茶道沧桑，

雄伟三峡，壮丽传奇。

让我们在这条万里茶道

湖北段文物主题游径宜昌段上

共赏历史风华！

In this scenic city with lingering ancient charm, there is clear river and broad clouds, there exist cultural relics with tea ceremonies of many years’ history, and there stands  magnificent Three Gorges with charming legends. So, let’s gather at the stop for Cultural Heritage Theme Tour of Great Tea Route：China-Mongolia-Russia Tea Route of Hubei Section, and appreciate the splendor of the brilliant history together.